Seznam abstraktů 2018: POSTEROVÁ SEKCE F

The article presents the economic situation of the Polish metallurgical industry in 2010-2016. The main purpose of this article is to compare the efficiency and labour productivity of 12 branch manufacturing metal products in Poland. The study used the traditional economic measures and non-parametric method - the Malmquist Productivity Index (MPI). MPI was used to analyze changes in the productivity of the metal industry. The study showed which branch achieved the best economic position and which factor - technological progress or changes in technical efficiency had a greater impact on the change in productivity of metal industry in Poland.

With the constant development of the market environment, not only the business conditions in which each enterprise exists are changing, but the protection of industrial rights is also growing considerably. The importance of intellectual property rights for businesses and the economy has become more pronounced in recent years. The most important reason for securing any industrial and legal protection is to ensure the exclusive position of a company on the market in a given territory and hence to assert all the rights that arise from legal protection. The filing of applications for inventions and utility models is related to the development, research and innovation processes of companies. Innovation processes are related to investments, and in this respect, we can see the direct connection between the market performance of metallurgical enterprises and the activity in the field of intellectual property protection. Intellectual property protection enables metallurgical companies to consolidate the exclusive position of their products and technical solutions and thus to obtain a financial bonus resulting from a fixed position on the market.

In Poland, titanium-vanadium-magnetite ore deposits are located near Suwałki. In the eighties and nineties of the last century, several research centers conducted research into the possible future use of these ores in the Polish metallurgy.
The main purpose of these studies was to develop recovery methods for these vanadium and iron ores. This research was carried out in laboratory conditions, which was conditioned by a small quantity of several tons of these ore supplied from the future mine's wells. Industrial .research on the use of similar ores in Polish metallurgy was also carried out. Both laboratory and industrial research have enabled the development of a future technology for the use of Polish titanium vanadium-magnetite ores in Polish metallurgy. Based on previous research, a hypothetical block diagram of vanadium logistics from Polish titanium vanadium-magnetite ores can be created.

The contribution deals with the practical application of the multistage costing in the one part of the metallurgical process. The emphasis in the practical part of the contribution is on the calculation method the definition of basic links and procedures. Multistage costing often helps to uncover the costs that cannot be covered by traditional calculation methods, therefore it is currently applied in a lot of industrial enterprises. The base of this calculation method are the budgets of individual workplaces and centers. Considering the versatility of this calculation method, other possible approaches and the application of multistage costing are suggested. The objective of this contribution is to show different possibilities of application this method.

The aim of the contribution is to point out the possibilities of using computer simulation for the needs of more effective metallurgical production. Like many other tools and methods, logistics also greatly contributes to maintaining the company's competitiveness and resilience to external factors such as the crisis, inflation, falling demand, and so on. One of the key methods for maintaining balance is material planning. The term “material flow” represents an organised movement of material in the manufacturing process or product circulation. It is characterised by the direction, intensity, frequency, length and performance, structure, character of transported material and transporting and handling equipment used. The most significant group, which, at the same time, forms the most relevant part of the material flow are raw and other materials and corporate work in progress and finished products. All the types of working objects are used throughout enterprises in certain amounts, internal structure, direction and with certain frequency. For a better imagination of the production process of fireclay bricks, a simulation model for the production of fireclay bricks was developed in Tecnomatix Plant Simulation. As a basis for creating simulation served the model of the manufacturing process in the chamottera. Due to the high production capacities of the chamotary, it has been found that for the efficient production of a limited quantity and especially the firing of the building, a narrow place of the entire production process of the fireclay is the mill.

The contribution deals with model of operative scheduling of production on the facility for continuous casting of steels. Starting point for the increase of efficiency of complicated decision-making processes is the transfer to the decision-making based on the exact, scientific knowledge. Increase the exactivity means utilization of modeling and modern methods for problems solving. Modeling is basic methodological resource for solving of complicated problems, application of modern methods for realization of particular phases of model is then basic condition of the successful realization. Production scheduling at continuous casting of steel belongs to group of above mentioned problems. High emphasis is put on the efficiency of the processes with the compliance of the quality of products. It is necessary to search new innovative approaches with utilization of methods of artificial intelligence and knowledge management in this area, too. Model is compatible with INDUSTRY 4.0 concept when it utilizes genetic algorithm for establishing of the smelting plan. Proposed model is based on the model of crystallizer utilization and fatigue which use diagnostics. Utilization of the proposed model consists in the support of smelting planning in the sequences respectively campaigns. Proposed solution allows to find suitable combination of cumulative counts of smelts in the particular clusters after assignment of purposeful function, limiting conditions and residual life of crystallizer in the form of residual conicity change. Proposed model which is realized in MS Excel proposes to the user possible and effective variants of the scheduling of production in the next period according to the specified limited conditions.

The article describes the activity of a manufacturing company operating in the metal industry. The discussed business entity intends to expand the scope of production with services for applying anti-corrosion coatings to metal elements. The research was focused on the economic aspects of the implementation of a new department in the company, risk analysis for the operation of the business entity and the benefits of having its own department for applying anti-corrosion coatings to metal components. The use of the FMEA method in the research has made it possible to detect defects in planned processes and to analyze factors that may affect investments. Factors such as the impact on the environment, methods of implementation, machinery and equipment necessary to implement the investment and control measures were selected. During the research, potential defects of the design and the effect of these defects were identified, with class, reason and occurrence marked. Generalized test results for other companies from a given industry have been included in the article.

Power consumption is a key component in all technical branches, not only in metallurgical companies. The reason is quite simple. Consumed energy is often the last area, where can be realized economical saving. If the company want to save some energy fees, it has reduce penalty fees, which arise from wrong power consumption estimation over the time. This paper is dedicated to prediction methods, based on historical energy data, which can be used to proper power consumption estimation.

Dynamically changing conditions of business activity, rapid development of new technologies, increasing intensity of competition, progressing globalisation pose for entrepreneurs new, much more difficult principles than before, especially due to the increase of intensity and complexity of the environment. It is reflected in the necessity of continuous improvement of processes and their quick reorganisation.
The aim of the article is to present research conducted in metallurgical enterprise. In the article individual stages of heat treatment process, taking into consideration complications, errors and quality defects of the product arising at the stage of manufacturing the product were described. In order to minimize resulting defects, quality improvement system was implemented, using, among others Ishikawa diagram. In view of the fact that the world stands on the threshold of next industrial revolution, directions of improvement of heat treatment process in the context of Industry 4.0 were indicated.

The article deals with the issue of wastes from the predominantly imported raw material sources of drawn high-carbon and low-carbon wire. The acquired knowledge is based on an analysis in a selected spectrum of branches and disciplines dealing with the processing of wire and wire products in the conditions of the Czech Republic. The result of the research is the display of economic opportunities to achieve a higher added value of the selected product group in the wired program fields of expertise. Compared to the global wire producer in South Korea, the Czech Republic has abandoned a number of product lines in the field of brushes, springs, fasteners of secondary metallurgy, textile and leather haberdashery, electrotechnics requiring a higher proportion of human work, manual and craftsmanship skills. The authors come up with a proposal to restore some craftsmanship skills using protected workshops.

One of the most frequently used methods of quality management in manufacturing and industrial enterprises is the FMEA method. The FMEA (i.e. Failure mode and effects analysis) is a method of systematic prevention of defects. It allows to specify actions to minimize the risk of defects' occurrence. The FMEA is most often used wherever products with a high degree of complexity are manufactured or when the production process is a multi-stage process or when in the production process many people take part. Due to its universal character it is used in mass production, unit production, especially industrial production. The literature states that this method can be widely used in the metallurgical industry. While conducting the FMEA analysis, the knowledge and experience of employees working in higher positions, technologists, employees of quality departments, but also directly production employees can be used, but also it can be treated as an motivation tool for them. The purpose of the paper was to analyze quality of steel bars which are produced by one of the steelwork in Poland. The FMEA method was used for this analysis. The cause and effect are presented for each production problem. After calculating the risk priority number, corrective actions were proposed. After the introduction of these corrective actions, the risk priority number was re-calculated to see if the these actions have caused the intended effect.

The main purpose of the paper is the determination of basic causes of non-conformances of anodised coating on aluminium finishing strips. Results of the analysis allow to identify factors that should be paid special attention during the production process.
In the first part of the paper the analysis of quantitative parameters of anodised coating of finishing strips was presented. 20 finishing strips made of aluminium, previously submitted to the anodising process in sulfuric acid were evaluated. In each test, the same elements were used, each one was assigned the same number for each analysis. The parameters of layer were measured at 5 specific points. Three basic parameters of coating were examined: thickness, grindability and microhardness. The elements of statistical analysis were used for analysis. In the second part of the paper the Ishikawa chart was used to determine the causes of defects in the coating.

Sustainable development concept assumes appropriately and consciously configured relationship between economic growth, environmental care and quality of life. When a large exploitation of natural resources and emerging waste, the problem of the waste utilization became an important thing. An obligation to the waste dispose Poland is introduced in the At of 27 April 2001 on Waste with later changes. Also membership in the UE imposes such an obligation. In the paper the analysis of the amount of metallurgical wastes generated in the production of pig iron was conducted. This data were compared with standards included in reference documents for iron and steel production.

The identification and assessment of the frequency and the power of the influence as well as the results of disruptions, are essential problems noticed both by practitioner and theoreticians of flow management in supply chains. They are part of a widely discussed problem of the resilience of a supply chain. The sensitivity to disruptions of supply chains is growing along with the height of the customization of products. Customization of products moved from the manufacturing company to the distribution channel, is a chance of reducing disruptions resulting from the uncertainty of orders (being a result of the uncertainty of orders). Consequently, research into strategies of strengthening the resilience of the supply chain is important and up-to-date. This paper discusses the strategy of strengthening the resilience through production postponement and building network relations with subcontractors and participants of distribution channels. Two variants of this strategy were considered and their limitations were indicated: customization in trading company and customization in logistics service provider. Due to the aim of the research, attention was focused on the material decoupling point of the supply chain: assemble-to-order. The adopted research procedure consists of the following stages: the identification and the analysis of disruptions (the diary method, the statistical analysis of the obtained results), analysis of the effects of disruptions, evaluation of the reliability of logistics processes and sensitivity analysis of policy options to fluctuations in demand (simulation modelling in the technique of dynamics of systems). Empirical studies concerned the flow of the chosen smelting product - sheet in coils.

The publication presents a method of analyzing the costs of the gradual shaft production process using the FlexSim software. An individual operations of the production process were analyzed, such as: cutting, rough turning, forming turning, grooving, grinding in terms of time and cost of implementation.The adopted research method is a computer simulation based on FlexSim simulation software. FlexSim is a user-friendly tool that allows real-time tracking of the production process and its optimization. The study is to determine whether presented method is worth implementing, how to use it and what are its benefits.

Producers of aluminum cans struggle with a problem of jams in presses caused by either conditions of the line or features of the material, i.e. aluminum stripes whose thickness does not exceed 0.250 mm. To decrease the risk of the latter, a tool has been proposed whose construction is supposed to allow to simulate several plastic deformation processes in a single operation. The article presents results of tests carried on the tool with the use of 3 different diameters of the main punch, i.e. 3 ratios of deformation tested on more than 20 samples of material of the same thickness delivered by 3 different producers.

This article will focus on choosing appropriate detail and type of operative evidence. Also will answer question in which case is the right approach to track in production each single pipe and in which case is better to track production only for bundles. Relation between type of operative evidence and decoupling point will be investigated. At the end we will propose which modern IT systems should be used for tracking of production and for operative evidence.

The publication presents the most important quality determinants in the metalworking industry. It discusses the structure of processes involved in the technology of metals. The purpose of the publication is to identify the determinants of quality for processes and to identify the main parameters defining quality in the discussed industry. On this basis, have been proposed criteria for assessing the effectiveness of the quality management system that can be applied in the metalworking industry. During the analysis of technological quality determinants, the following processes were analyzed: cutting process, turning, planning and chiseling, pulling and pushing, drilling, drilling, countersinking, reaming, milling, machining of helical surfaces, machining of screw surfaces, abrasive machining, grinding, honing and oscillating superfinishing, lapping and abrasive polishing, rotational and vibratory smoothing of containers, treatment of loose abrasive grains, erosion treatment, electroerosion treatment, electrochemical treatment, blasting, protective and decorative coatings, metal protective coatings, inorganic protective coatings, organic protective coatings.

This paper presents the analysis of the FMEA method of the storage system in the area of a metallurgical enterprise performing gray iron castings according to the PN-EN 1561: 2000 and PN-92 / H-83101 standards as well as alloy cast iron. Casting is a technology for making objects by filling molds with liquid metal. Castings are made of cast steel, cast iron, aluminum, magnesium and copper alloys. The casting technology could be used to form objects of very complex shapes with very high accuracy, eg pistons, motors, housings, tools. The aim of the publication is to analyze the FMEA method of the warehouse system, find the causes of defects, remove errors and recommend corrective tasks so that the entire planning and storage process takes place in an effective manner, simultaneously reducing the criticality priority of defects in all cases. After performing the FMEA analysis, all the defects, causes and effects occurring in the process were determined from the planning of the demand for goods, through delivery and quantitative and qualitative control. Ishikawa's cause-effect diagrams were used to detect the exact causes of the most important defects in the process and then corrective actions were recommended. Among the six included actions of the process, the two most difficult actions were identified, which should first be addressed. An important antidote for these two process activities is the systematic update of the list of preferred suppliers and the employment of an auxiliary employee supervising and approving the procurement plan.

In addition to meeting customer requirements and maintaining competitiveness, enterprises must now include social responsibility in their strategy, with particular emphasis on ecology. This trend is partly forced by changes in environmental protection regulations, including waste management. For many enterprises this may mean the need to introduce changes in the production systems. One of such companies is B. Recycling sp. z o. o., producing concentrate of zinc oxide. Adaptation to current standards required a thorough modernization of the technological lines used, so that the zinc-bearing waste, storing which brings a threat to water resources, could be used as batch material in the rolldown process. The rolldown process implemented in the company is technologically complex and any deviation from the discipline may result in a lesser quality product and a significant increase in the number of unscheduled stops, and thus a drop in productivity. Because of that, the modernization was also aimed at improving the efficiency of the production system. The article describes the conducted process analysis, the purpose of which was to determine whether the changes made have led to the desired effect and identifying the areas with the greatest improvement potential. The elements of the TPM method were chosen as the research method. After collecting the time and quality data, MTTR, MTBF and OEE indicators were determined for each of the modernized lines and selected subassemblies. One of the analysis results was the proposition of a solution which would shorten the duration of the failure once applied.

The article deals with the issue of resources needed for the development of competitiveness in Czech manufacturers based on the increasing level of complexity within closed technological chains. The authors base their results on research which showed that primary manufacturers of raw resources export semi-finished products to long distances with a low total added value. The selected sample of manufacturers that produce rolled and drawn wire from steel and nonferrous metals showed that the primary intake are materials imported largely from countries outside the European Union. The article furthermore contains statistical findings and an economic assessment of the overall growth of logistic costs associated with reaching the end product in a given technological chain. The article is also complemented by aspects of how world trends develop in the field of metallurgical production.

This paper is dedicated to financial performance evaluation of metallurgy industry of the Czech Republic. Financial performance of the industry or company is a random process, which can be decomposed into the particular indicators. Very important is to find and to quantify main factors which influence financial performance of an industry the most.
The aim of this paper is to evaluate financial performance of metallurgy industry in the Czech Republic in the period 2007 to 2016 according to the Economic value added indicator and to find main value drivers of metallurgy industry in this period. For the analysis annual data in the period 2007 to 2016 will be used. The data for the analysis will be taken from the web site of Ministry of industry of the Czech Republic.
Firstly, Economic value added of the metallurgy industry will be determined in the analyzed period. Then, the method of pyramidal decomposition will be applied to Economic value added indicator. Dynamic analysis of metallurgy industry of the Czech Republic will be performed and main value drivers of metallurgy industry will be determined. In the conclusion of the paper, the role of metallurgy industry of the Czech Republic in manufacturing industry will be evaluated.

The aim of the article is to present selected actions taken in the field of natural environment as an important area of corporate social responsibility by enterprises from the metallurgical industry in Poland (division into steel, copper, zinc and lead producers). Analysis was carried out in the field of environmental policy, areas of impact on the natural environment and reduction of consumption of materials, raw materials, fuel, energy and water in the surveyed companies. Research on the opinion of entrepreneurs on the concept of CSR, its scope and application of the principles of social responsibility were carried out in January and February 2018 and included 93 micro (0-9 people), small (10-49 employees) and medium (50-249 employees) metallurgical enterprises conducting economic activity of the Mazowieckie voivodeship. The research was carried out by means of a diagnostic survey, and the basic research tool was an electronic questionnaire that was sent to the surveyed entities. The survey was sent to all metallurgical entities operating in the studied voivodeship - 93 questionnaires were fully and correctly completed. The material obtained in this way was subjected to mathematical – statistical analysis. The arithmetic mean, independence test χ2, Chuprov convergence coefficient and C. Pearson coefficient (corrected and regular) were used. The results of the research showed medium interest of the small and medium-sized entrepreneurs from the metallurgical sector in their activities for the benefit of the natural environment. Documented and measurable environmental policy objectives were primarily developed by the owners of business entities producing steel and copper.

The aim of this article is to present the directions of steel consumption in Poland, and to show the impact of economic conditions on this distribution. The study covered the period from 2006 to 2016. The following methods have been used in paper: descriptive, tabular, graphic and Pearson's linear correlation coefficient. The findings of the study indicate that only the consumption of long steel products was strongly linked to the economic situation, measured by the value of GDP, volume of demand and value of import. In the case of other product groups, such as flat steel products, cold-rolled steel pipes and profiles, there was no significant correlation with the market situation. Interestingly, no significant relationship was found between apparent consumption of finished steel products and industrial production. This means that steel, as a rule, was not a key element in these economy sectors, and their production was affected, to a greater extent, by other raw materials. Summarizing, the relationships between individual types of steel products and the economic situation should to be analyzed separately.

The new Industry 4.0 concept gives new development opportunities to large enterprises. It allows them to build a competitive advantage in the market and significantly increases their competitiveness. However, the question arises as to what about small and medium enterprises? They have significantly less opportunities to raise capital to modernize and automate their infrastructure. They are unable to create fully automated factories of the future themselves.
The article attempts to identify the possibilities of building production networks of small and medium-sized enterprises, which will be able to jointly create modern factories that embrace the Industry 4.0 concept. This creates many new opportunities for the development of small and medium enterprises, but it is also a huge challenge. The aim of the article is to identify the most important problems that SMEs will have to overcome in order to build modern production networks together.

The paper describes an analysis of storing and inventory management in a metallurgical company and proposes actions for the improvement of the current situation. Methods of ABC and XYZ analysis according to the preliminary determined criteria are used for the evaluation of inventory management. The paper also proposes the use of a consignment storehouse and implementation of the inventory management by the supplier for the selected material items.

At present, the Tetrapack baverage waste cartons are brought to be disposed of in well technologically equipped paper mills, where it is pulverized. The fibre is then used in the production of recycled paper and the sandwich press of polyethylene and aluminium foil is then transported to a landfill or to an incinerator. As a progressive technology for reusing the aluminium foil as well as the energy use of polyethylene seems to be the pyrolysis. The process itself and the subsequent handling of its products require advanced risk management, both technological and economic. The article deals with the pyrolytic treatment of Tetrapack, the properties of pyrolysis products and the possibilities of separation, which would lead to metallurgical aluminium production. The aim of the article is to draw attention to the economic potential of today's totally insignificant waste that is costly to store or burn. The reuse of material and metallurgical processing in the Czech Republic could cover 1500-2100 tons of aluminium, which represents a financial volume of at least CZK 25-30 million. The goal of the author’s team is to prove the economic potential hidden in waste beverage carton and its comparison with market value. It also aims to identify the risks and the proposal for their management. In order to prepare the project implementation, it is necessary to compile a model including the identification of risks and the proposal to eliminate them.

The possibilities of using alternative drives from the point of view of the operation of an industrial company are almost unlimited today and it will always depend on the specific conditions of the company to what extent they decide to use alternative fuels in their fleet. One of the main arguments for the use of alternative motor fuels is ecological reasons.
The solution to this theme fits into the concept of circular economy, a concept that is an integral part of sustainable development, and deals with ways to improve the quality of the environment and human life by increasing production efficiency. In this concept, it is an attempt not to produce non-recyclable waste both at the end of the chain and during the manufacturing process, for example, the wastes produced during transport. Therefore, the use of alternative fuels in industrial transport can be of great importance for the concept of the circular economy. When using alternative fuels in industrial transport according to the selected drive, zero emissions of harmful substances and other environmental impacts, it is necessary to proceed according to the valid Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) methodology, ie the life cycle assessment method. The aim of the article is to analyze and evaluate the comparison of vehicles with different propulsion units in terms of ecology, economic and growth potential of metallurgical enterprise from the point of view of production. As the development of the use of alternative fuels in transport can bring significant changes in the metallurgical plant both in the development of the production program and in the applications of new technologies in the operation of the company, in this case the transport system, which can also have a significant impact on the ecology.

The logistics processes in metallurgical enterprises can be characterized by the high complexity resulting from long production cycles, wide product portfolio, decreasing volume of individual orders and considerable product dimensions. During the historical development of most metallurgical enterprises, a continuous system of logistics processes improvement was not implemented, thanks to which they would be optimized due to the changing conditions of the industry. The aim of the article is to propose the methodology of logistics analysis that will systematically analyse and evaluate logistical processes, identify, classify and prioritize key issues, and efficiently design the process of their solutions.

Almost every day, from different information source, we can hear about problems dealing with CO2 emission and its impact on environment and us - people. A few sources from which CO2 is emitted can be pointed out but this paper focuses on metallurgical industry. The main areas of interest are furnace process technologies where the gas burners are used. The main product of gas combustion in those burners is CO2, so that in non-optimized combustion processes that emission is very high.
Therefore the world-metallurgical industry keeps looking for some solutions for fuel saving and thus CO2 reduction. One of the methods which are used to solve this problem is applying high combustion air temperature. What is more and more attractive, is the High Regenerative System (HRS), which is able to achieve an air temperature of more than 1000 °C and thus more fuel saving and being more environmental friendly. The HRS makes use of the regenerators such as heat exchangers. This system has become increasingly popular in the aspect of reducing CO2 emission.
Based on research results the paper presents the selected data, dealing with the air combustion temperature obtained for the compact type of regenerator filling for small power gas-burners. The reduction of fuel consumption and reduction of CO2 emission, for considered material of regenerator, have been presented finally as an economic and environmental aspect accordingly to the air preheated in the modern and compact regenerative burner.

The article presents the current state of metal recycling. The types of metals subjected to the recycling process and the course of the process are described. Logistic, technological and economic aspects were taken into account. Current technologies of metal recycling and recovery as well as business opportunities in the context of sustainable development were characterized. Challenges for the metal recycling industry were presented. The process of car recycling in the context of opportunities and challenges as well as opportunities for improvement was analyzed.

Based on the Data Envelopment Analysis method the article specifies the economic and environmental efficiency in individual EU countries. The following have been adopted as variables in the model: 1 output (production value) and 3 types of input (number of employees, energy consumption, CO2 emissions). As part of the research, it was indicated that technological progress had a greater impact on the efficiency of the metal industry in the EU than the change in technical efficiency.

Loss of capacity to settle current liabilities for each enterprise means the emergence of a number of difficulties that may lead to bankruptcy of the company. In commercial entities, where a large share in assets are current assets, one can try to regain financial liquidity by gradually liquidating individual current assets. The production units, especially those with few in the market, are much more difficult to deal with payment bottlenecks. In such enterprises fixed assets account for a significant share in the structure of assets. Fixed assets are the ones that are difficult to liquidate. In a situation when payment bottlenecks appear, production companies have a problem with regaining financial liquidity. If such transactions are already occurring when an enterprise has to sell fixed assets quickly, it usually suffers from a large loss on sales. In general, fixed assets that the company gets rid of belong to specific devices that may not be in demand at the moment. Therefore, the price of such devices must be attractive to the buyer. This way of saving an enterprise is a last resort. The company regains its financial liquidity, but the sales at a loss reduces financial results. To prevent this, it is necessary to systematically analyze the basic financial liquidity indicators assessing the risk of inability to settle current liabilities. The article reviews the management of financial liquidity on the example of 15 Polish aluminum pressure castings The research period covered the years 2014-2016. In the article there were presented the advantages and disadvantages of the applied financial liquidity management strategies. The purpose of the article is to determine the optimal liquidity management strategy for pressure foundries. The analysis presented and the model of the optimal strategy may be used in the selection of liquidity strategies in production enterprises from various industries in the country or in the world.